Artificial intelligence (AI) is significantly transforming civil engineering, with experts urging the industry to embrace these technologies rather than approach them with trepidation. This message resonated at the 4th ICE/CIWEM Yorkshire and Humber flooding and water quality conference, which brought together leading practitioners who underscored the value AI is already delivering and how engineers can leverage it responsibly.
During the conference’s final session, titled “The Role of digital and AI in flood resilience and water quality delivery,” a panel comprising engineers and data scientists shared their insights and experiences integrating AI into civil engineering practices. They illustrated this evolution with case studies ranging from the early predictive modeling that informed the Thames Barrier project to the advanced machine learning tools currently enhancing the Boston Barrier’s operations.
In an interactive Q&A session, panelists emphasized the importance of using AI tools with caution while remaining in control of the outputs. They advocated for a proactive approach to integrating these technologies into engineering workflows, highlighting their potential to enhance, rather than replace, human expertise.
Machine learning in flood risk management has emerged as a vital asset for inductive reasoning, enabling engineers to draw general conclusions from observed data patterns. For instance, machine learning algorithms can predict rainfall based on historical correlations with specific cloud formations. This capability has already been harnessed to improve the accuracy of water forecasts for the Thames Barrier through bias correction, enhancing operational efficiency.
Additionally, layered machine learning models have proven effective in informing barrier closures for the Boston Barrier by integrating predictions related to tides, surges, and waves. AI-enhanced imaging techniques are also facilitating stakeholder engagement by providing clearer visualizations of flood defense schemes prior to construction, thereby making complex models more accessible to diverse audiences.
Advancements in parametric modeling are further revolutionizing design processes, utilizing algorithms to predict the effects of single parameter changes across entire models. This shift is exemplified in projects like embankments, allowing for faster transitions from design to construction.
During discussions on harnessing data in high-risk scenarios, one panelist cited the RAAC (Reinforced Autoclaved Aerated Concrete) schools crisis, which streamlined inspections from over 500,000 buildings to just 245. This reduction not only saved time and resources but also directed efforts towards viable solutions.
AI’s role extends to public health, as evidenced by initiatives like New Zealand’s Safeswim Auckland program, which provides swimmers with minute-by-minute updates on water quality and conditions at popular bathing sites. This predictive intelligence system plays a crucial role in safeguarding public health by delivering real-time data and forecasts of potential risks.
Despite the potential benefits, civil and infrastructure engineers are urged to approach AI with a sense of responsibility. Ethical decision-making must remain human-led, with continuous monitoring of AI tools from training protocols to output analysis to identify any anomalies. Panelists stressed the necessity for practitioners to possess a thorough understanding of the models they employ, particularly in terms of decision-making processes, to mitigate risks associated with data bias.
Moreover, engineers should view AI and other digital tools as enhancements to their skill set, rather than default solutions. They must remain vigilant about situations where traditional methodologies suffice, ensuring that foundational engineering expertise drives their decisions.
Looking ahead, the adoption of AI and digital tools presents an opportunity for transformative change within the civil engineering sector and its stakeholders. However, this integration must be both sustainable and proportionate, especially with ongoing concerns regarding the energy and freshwater consumption associated with large data centers.
The Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE) has long championed innovation in the sector. The consensus from the Yorkshire and Humber flooding and water quality conference is clear: AI should be harnessed to augment the capabilities of civil and infrastructure engineers, rather than replace them. By embedding these digital tools into everyday workflows, the industry can expedite project delivery while enhancing safety and resilience, all while keeping human expertise and judgment at the forefront of decision-making.
Beth Barnes serves as the regional director for the North East at the Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE).
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